What is Synchronization?

Generally, most of the web application uses Ajax, Javascript, etc. for development due to which page load timing increases.
The web elements take extra time to load such pages. Sometimes web elements are not visible on-page also.

Synchronization is the concept of working more than one component parallelly.
While handling such situations “ElementNotVisibleException” may occur.

To resolve these issues Selenium wait commands helps.
Wait commands are essential for executing test scripts and help identify and resolve issues related to time lag in web elements.
The wait functions are essential when it comes to executing Selenium tests. They help to observe and troubleshoot issues that may occur due to variation in time lag.
In automation testing, wait commands direct the test execution to pause for a certain length of time before moving onto the next step.
This enables WebDriver to check if one or more web elements are present/visible/enriched/clickable, etc.

There are 3 types of waits available in Selenium WebDriver:

1. Implicit Wait

2. Explicit Wait

3. Fluent Wait

To check a detail description on Waits check here — https://techieshub9.com/synchronization-in-selenium-webdriver/